PUBLICATIONS

Please contact me to request reprints

 

91. Kormuth, K.A., Lin, K., Prussin II, A.J., Vejerano, E.P., Tiwari, A.J., Cox, S.C., Myerburg, M.M., Lakdawala, S.S., Marr, L.C. (2018). Influenza virus infectivity is retained in aerosols and droplets independent of relative humidity, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 218, 739-747.

 

90. Wei, H., Vejerano, E.P., Leng, W., Huang, Q., Willner, M.R., Marr, L.C., Vikesland, P.J., (2018). Aerosol droplets exhibit a stable pH gradient, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, in press.

 

89. Powers, C., Hanlon, R., Grothe, H., Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L., Schmale III, D.G., (2018). Coordinated sampling of microorganisms over freshwater and saltwater environments using an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) and a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS), Frontiers in Microbiology, in press, doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01219.

 

88. Prussin II, A. J., Schwake, D.O., Lin, K., Gallagher, D.L., Buttling, L., Marr, L.C. (2018). Survival of the enveloped virus phi6 in droplets as a function of relative humidity, absolute humidity, and temperature, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 84, e00551-18.

 

87. Vejerano, E.P., Marr, L.C., (2018). Physico-chemical characteristics of evaporating respiratory fluid droplets, Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 15, 20170939.

 

86. Wei, H., Leng, W., Song, J., Willner, M.R., Marr, L.C., Zhou, W., Vikesland, P.J., (2018). Improved quantitative SERS enabled by surface plasmon enhanced elastic light scattering, Analytical Chemistry, 90, 3227-3237.

 

85. Wu, Y., Eichler, C.M.A., Cao, J., Benning, J., Olson, A., Chen, S., Liu, C., Vejerano, E.P., Marr, L.C., Little, J.C., (2018). Particle/gas partitioning of phthalates to organic and inorganic airborne particles in the indoor environment, Environmental Science and Technology, 52, 3583-3590.

 

84. Graham, K.E., Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L.C., Sassoubre, L.M., Boehm, A.B., (2018). Microbial community structure of sea spray aerosols at three California beaches, FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 94, fiy005.

 

83. Sain, A.E., Zook, J., Davy, B.M., Marr, L.C., Dietrich, A.M., (2018). Size and mineral composition of airborne particles generated by an ultrasonic humidifier, Indoor Air, 28, 80-88.

 

82. Krometis, L., Gohlke, J., Kolivras, K., Satterwhite, E., Marmagas, S.W., Marr, L.C., (2017). Environmental health disparities in the Central Appalachian region of the United States, Reviews on Environmental Health, 32, 253-266.

 

81. Prussin II, A.J., Schwake, D.O., Marr, L.C., (2017). Ten questions concerning the aerosolization and transmission of Legionella in the built environment, Building and Environment, 123, 684-695.

 

80. Vance, M.E., Pegues, V., Van Montfrans, S., Leng, W., Marr, L.C., (2017). Aerosol emissions from fuse-deposition modeling 3D printers in a chamber and in real indoor environments, Environmental Science and Technology, 51, 9516-9523.

 

79. Dai, D., Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L.C., Vikesland, P.J., Edwards, M.A., Pruden, A., (2017). Factors shaping the human exposome in the built environment: opportunities for engineering control, Environmental Science and Technology, 51, 7759-7774.

 

78. Lin, K., Marr, L.C., (2017). Aerosolization of Ebola virus surrogates in wastewater systems, Environmental Science and Technology, 51, 2669–2675.

 

77. Dale, J.G., Cox, S.S., Vance, M.E., Marr, L.C., Hochella, M.F., (2017). Transformation of cerium oxide nanoparticles from a diesel fuel additive during combustion in a diesel engine, Environmental Science and Technology, 51, 1973–1980.

 

76. Wu, Y., Eichler, C.M.A., Leng, W., Cox, S.S., Marr, L.C., Little, J.C., (2017). Adsorption of phthalates on impervious indoor surfaces, Environmental Science and Technology, 51, 2907–2913.

 

75. David, R.F., Reinisch, M., Trail, F., Marr, L.C., Schmale III, D.G., (2016). Compression tests of Fusarium graminearum ascocarps provide insights into the strength of the perithecial wall and the quantity of ascospores, Fungal Genetics and Biology, 96, 25-32.

 

74. Wang, D., Wang, Z., Lee, A., Marr, L.C., Heflin, J.R., Xu, Y., (2016). Highly sensitive nano-aerosol detection based on the whispering-gallery-mode in cylindrical optical fiber resonators, Aerosol Science and Technology, 50, 1366-1374.

 

73. Adams, R.I., Bhangar, S., Dannemiller, K.C., Eisen, J.A., Fierer, N., Gilbert, J.A., Green, J.L., Marr, L.C., Miller, S.L., Siegel, J.A., Stephens, B., Waring, M.S., Bibby, K., (2016). Ten questions concerning the microbiomes of buildings, Building and Environment, 109, 224-234.

 

72. Wei, H., Willner, M., Marr, L., Vikesland, P., (2016). Highly stable SERS pH nanoprobes produced by co-solvent controlled AuNP aggregation, Analyst, 141, 5159-5169.

 

71. David, R.F., Marr, L.C., Schmale III, D.G., (2016). Ascospore release and discharge distances of Fusarium graminearum under controlled temperature and relative humidity, European Journal of Plant Pathology, 146, 59-69.

 

70. Titcombe Lee, M., Pruden, A., Marr, L.C., (2016). Partitioning of viruses in wastewater systems and potential for aerosolization, Environmental Science and Technology Letters, 3, 210-215.

 

69. Prussin II, A.J., Vikram, A., Bibby, K.J., Marr, L.C., (2016). Seasonal dynamics of the airborne bacterial community and selected viruses in a children's daycare center, PLoS ONE, 11, e0151004.

 

68. Wu, Y., Cox, S.S., Xie, M., Marr, L.C., Little, J.C., (2016). A simple method to measure the gas-phase SVOC concentration in equilibrium with a material phase, Indoor Air, 26, 903-912.

 

67. David, R.F., BozorgMagham, A.E., Schmale III, D.G., Ross, S.D., Marr, L.C., (2016). Identification of meteorological predictors of Fusarium graminearum ascospore release using correlation and causality analyses, European Journal of Plant Pathology, 145, 483-492.

 

66. Tiwari, A.J., Ashraf-Khorassani, M., Marr, L.C., (2016). C60 fullerenes from combustion of common fuels, Science of the Total Environment, 547, 254-60.

 

65. Xie, M., Wu, Y., Little, J.C., Marr, L.C., (2016). Phthalates and alternative plasticizers and potential for contact exposure from children's backpacks and toys, Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 26, 119-24.

 

64. Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L.C., (2015). Sources of airborne microorganisms in the built environment, Microbiome, 3, Art. no. 78.

 

63. Khare, P., Marr, L.C., (2015). Simulation of vertical concentration gradient of influenza viruses in dust resuspended by walking, Indoor Air, 25(4), 428-440.

 

62. Onasch, T.B., Fortner, E.C., Trimborn, A.M., Lambe, A.T., Tiwari, A.J., Marr, L.C., Corbin, J.C., Mensah, A.A., Williams, L.R., Davidovits, P., Worsnop, D.R., (2015). Investigations of SP-AMS carbon ion distributions as a function of refractory black carbon particle types, Aerosol Science and Technology, 49(6), 409-422.

 

61. Prussin II, A.J., Garcia, E.B., Marr, L.C., (2015). Total concentrations of virus and bacteria in indoor and outdoor air, Environmental Science and Technology Letters, 2(4), 84-88.

 

60. Tulve, N.S., Stefaniak, A.B., Quadros, M.E., Rogers, K., Mwilu, S., LeBouf, R.F., Schwegler-Berry, D., Willis, R., Thomas, T.A., Marr, L.C., (2015). Characterization of silver nanoparticles in selected consumer products and its relevance for predicting children's potential exposures, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 218, 345-357.

 

59. Hong, A., Schweitzer, L., Yang, W., Marr, L.C., (2015). The impact of temporary freeway closure on regional air quality: A lesson from Carmageddon in Los Angeles, United States, Environmental Science and Technology, 5, 3211-3218.

 

58. Vance, M.E., Marr, L.C., (2015). Exposure to airborne engineered nanoparticles in the indoor environment, Atmospheric Environment, 106, 503-509.

 

57. Vejerano, E., Ma, Y., Holder, A., Pruden, A., Subbiah, E., Marr, L., (2015). Toxicity of particulate matter from incineration of nanowaste, Environmental Science: Nano, 2, 143-154.

 

56. Garg, A., Akbar, M., Vejerano, E., Narayanan, S., Nazhandali, L., Marr, L.C., Agah, M., (2015). Zebra GC: A mini gas chromatography system for trace-level determination of hazardous air pollutants, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 212, 145-154.

 

55. Pietsch, R.B., David, R.F., Marr, L.C., Vinatzer, B., Schmale III, D.G., (2015). Aerosolization of two strains (Ice+ and Ice-) of Pseudomonas syringae in a Collison nebulizer at different temperatures, Aerosol Science and Technology, 49, 159-166.

 

54. Heidari, B., Marr, L.C., (2015). Real-time emissions from construction equipment compared with model predictions, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 65, 115-125.

 

53. Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L.C., Schmale III, D.G., Stoll, R., Ross, S.D., (2015). Experimental validation of a long-distance transport model for plant pathogens: Application to Fusarium graminearum, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 203, 118-130.

 

52. Ma, Y., Metch, J.W., Vejerano, E.P., Miller, I.J., Leon, E.C., Marr, L.C., Vikesland, P.J., Pruden, A., (2015). Microbial community response of nitrifying sequencing batch reactors to silver, zero-valent iron, titanium dioxide and cerium dioxide nanomaterials, Water Research, 68, 87-97.

 

51. Ma, Y., Elankumaran, S., Marr, L.C., Vejerano, E.P., Pruden, A., (2014). Toxicity of engineered nanomaterials and their transformation products following wastewater treatment on A549 human lung epithelial cells, Toxicology Reports, 1, 871-876.

 

50. Prussin II, A.J., Marr, L.C., Bibby, K.J., (2014). Challenges of studying viral aerosol metagenomics and communities in comparison with bacterial and fungal aerosols, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 357(1), 1-9.

 

49. Tiwari, A.J., Morris, J.R., Vejerano, E.P., Hochella Jr., M.F., Marr, L.C., (2014). Oxidation of C60 aerosols by atmospherically relevant levels of O3, Environmental Science and Technology, 48(5), 2706-2714.

 

48. Vejerano, E.P., Leon, E.C., Holder, A.L., Marr, L.C., (2014). Characterization of particle emissions and fate of nanomaterials during incineration, Environmental Science: Nano, 1(2), 133-143.

 

47. Takahama, S., Russell, L.M., Shores, C.A., Marr, L.C., Zheng, J., Levy, M., Zhang, R., Castillo, E., Rodriguez-Ventura, J.G., Quintana, P.J.E., Subramanian, R., Zavala, M., Molina, L.T., (2014). Diesel vehicle and urban burning contributions to black carbon concentrations and size distributions in Tijuana, Mexico, during the Cal-Mex 2010 campaign, Atmospheric Environment, 88, 341-352.

 

46. Tiwari, A.J., Fields, C.G., Marr, L.C., (2013). A cost-effective method of aerosolizing dry powdered nanoparticles, Aerosol Science and Technology, 47(11), 1267-1275.

 

45. Holder, A.L., Vejerano, E.P., Zhou, X., Marr, L.C., (2013). Nanomaterial disposal by incineration, Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts, 15(9), 1652-1664.

 

44. Quadros, M.E., Pierson IV, R., Tulve, N.S., Willis, R., Rogers, K., Thomas, T.A., Marr, L.C., (2013). Release of silver from nanotechnology-based consumer products for children, Environmental Science and Technology, 47(15), 8894-8901.

 

43. Vejerano, E.P., Holder, A.L., Marr, L.C., (2013). Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and dibenzofurans from incineration of nanomaterials, Environmental Science and Technology, 47(9), 4866-4874.

 

42. Benning, J.L., Liu, Z., Tiwari, A., Little, J.C., Marr, L.C., (2013). Characterizing gas-particle interactions of phthalate plasticizer emitted from vinyl flooring, Environmental Science and Technology, 47(6), 2696-2703.

 

41. Marr, L.C., Moore, T.O., Klapmeyer, M.E., Killar, M.B., (2013). Comparison of NOx fluxes measured by eddy covariance to emission inventories and land use, Environmental Science and Technology, 47(4), 1800-1808.

 

40. Shores, C.A., Klapmeyer, M.E., Quadros, M.E., Marr, L.C., (2013). Sources and transport of black carbon at the California-Mexico border, Atmospheric Environment, 70, 490-499.

 

39. Holder, A.L., Marr, L.C., (2013). Toxicity of silver nanoparticles at the air-liquid interface, BioMed Research International, 2013, Article ID 328934.

 

38. Klapmeyer, M.E., Marr, L.C., (2012). CO2, NOx, and particle emissions from aircraft and support activities at a regional airport, Environmental Science and Technology, 46(20), 10974-10981.

 

37. Yang, W., Elankumaran, S., Marr, L.C., (2012). Relationship between humidity and influenza A viability in droplets and implications for influenza's seasonality, PLoS ONE, 7(10), e46789.

 

36. Yang, W., Marr, L.C., (2012). Mechanisms by which ambient humidity may affect viruses in aerosols, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78, 6781-6788.

 

35. Quadros, M.E., Marr, L.C., (2011). Silver nanoparticles and total aerosols emitted by nanotechnology-related consumer spray products, Environmental Science and Technology, 45, 10713-10719.

 

34. Yang, W., Marr, L.C., (2011). Dynamics of airborne influenza A viruses indoors and dependence on humidity, PLoS ONE, 6(6), e21481.

 

33. Yang, W., Elankumaran, S., Marr, L.C., (2011). Concentrations and size distributions of airborne influenza A viruses measured indoors at a health centre, a day-care centre and on aeroplanes, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 8(61), 1176-1184.

 

32. Sparks, J.A., Ogejo, J.A., Cyriac, J., Hanigan, M.D., Knowlton, K.F., Gay, S.W., Marr, L.C., (2011). The effects of dietary protein content and manure handling technique on ammonia emissions during short-term storage of dairy cow manure, Transactions of the ASABE, 54(2), 675-683.

 

31. Tiwari, A.J., Marr, L.C., (2010). The role of atmospheric transformations in determining the environmental impacts of carbonaceous nanoparticles, Journal of Environmental Quality, 39(6), 1883-1895.

 

30. Cross, E.S., Onasch, T.B., Ahern, A., Wrobel, W., Slowik, J.G., Olfert, J., Lack, D.A., Massoli, P., Cappa, C.D., Schwarz, J.P., Spackman, J.R., Fahey, D.W., Sedlacek, A., Trimborn, A., Jayne, J.T., Freedman, A., Williams, L.R., Ng, N.L., Mazzoleni, C., Dubey, M., Brem, B., Kok, G., Subramanian, R., Freitag, S., Clarke, A., Thornhill, D., Marr, L.C., Kolb, C.E., Worsnop, D.R., Davidovits, P., (2010). Soot particle studies - instrument inter-comparison - project overview, Aerosol Science and Technology, 44, 592-611.

 

29. Quadros, M.E., Marr, L.C., (2010). Environmental and human health risks of aerosolized silver nanoparticles, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 60, 770-781.

 

28. Thornhill, D.A., Williams, A.E., Onasch, T.B., Wood, E., Herndon, S.C., Kolb, C.E., Knighton, W.B., Zavala, M., Molina, L.T., Marr, L.C., (2010). Application of positive matrix factorization to on-road measurements for source apportionment of diesel- and gasoline-powered vehicle emissions in Mexico City, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 3629-3644.

 

27. Marr, L.C., Ely, M.R., (2010). Effect of air pollution on marathon running performance, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42, 585-591.

 

26. Zavala, M., Herndon, S.C., Wood, E.C., Onasch, T.B., Knighton, W.B., Marr, L.C., Kolb, C.E., Molina, L.T., (2009). Evaluation of mobile emissions contributions to Mexico City's emissions inventory using on-road and cross-road emission measurements and ambient data, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 6305-6317.

 

25. Li, L.F., Cyriac, J., Knowlton, K.F., Marr, L.C., Gay, S.W., Hanigan, M.D., Ogejo, J.A., (2009). Effects of reducing dietary nitrogen on ammonia emissions from manure on the floor of a naturally ventilated free stall dairy barn at low (0-20 degrees C) temperatures, Journal of Environmental Quality, 38, 2172-2181.

 

24. Moore, T.O., Doughty, D.C., Marr, L.C., (2009). Demonstration of a mobile Flux Laboratory for the Atmospheric Measurement of Emissions (FLAME) to assess emissions inventories, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 11, 259-268.

 

23. Schweitzer, L.A., Marr, L.C., Linford, J.C., and Darby, M.A., (2008). The Sustainable Mobility Learning Laboratory: Interactive web-based education on transportation and the environment, Applied Environmental Education and Communication, 7, 20-29.

 

22. Thornhill, D.A., de Foy, B., Herndon, S.C., Onasch, T.B., Wood, E.C., Zavala, M., Molina, L.T., Gaffney, J.S., Marley, N.A., Marr, L.C., (2008). Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 8, 3093-3105.

 

21. Yeganeh, B., Kull, C.M., Hull, M.A., Marr, L.C., (2008). Characterization of airborne particles during production of carbonaceous nanomaterials, Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 4600-4606.

 

20. Andersen, R.G., Booth, E.C., Marr, L.C., Widdowson, M.A., Novak, J.T., (2008). Volatilization and biodegradation of naphthalene in the vadose zone impacted by phytoremediation, Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 2575-2581.

 

19. Sheesley, R.J., Schauer, J.J., Smith, T.J., Garshick, E., Laden, F., Marr, L.C., Molina, L.T., (2008). Assessment of diesel particulate matter exposure in the workplace: freight terminals, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 10, 305-314.

 

18. Dzepina, K., Arey, J., Marr, L.C., Worsnop, D.R., Salcedo, D., Zhang, Q., Onasch, T.B., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., Jimenez, J.L., (2007). Detection of particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer, International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 263, 152-170.

 

17. Marr, L.C., Booth, E.C., Andersen, R.G., Widdowson, M.A., Novak, J.T., (2006). Direct volatilization of naphthalene to the atmosphere at a phytoremediation site, Environmental Science and Technology, 40, 5560-5566.

 

16. Marr, L.C., Dzepina, K., Jimenez, J.L., Reisen, F., Bethel, H.L., Arey, J., Gaffney, J.S., Marley, N.A., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., (2006). Sources and transformations of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 1733-1745.

 

15. Zavala, M., Herndon, S.C., Slott, R.S., Dunlea, E.J., Marr, L.C., Shorter, J.H., Zahniser, M., Knighton, W.B., Rogers, T.M., Kolb, C.E., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., (2006). Characterization of on-road vehicle emissions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area using a mobile laboratory in chase and fleet average measurement modes during the MCMA-2003 field campaign, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 5129-5142.

 

14. Salcedo, D., Onasch, T.B., Dzepina, K., Canagaratna, M.R., Zhang, Q., Huffman, J.A., DeCarlo, P.F., Jayne, J.T., Mortimer, P., Worsnop, D.R., Kolb, C.E., Johnson, K.S., Zuberi, B., Marr, L.C., Volkamer, R., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., Cardenas, B., Bernabe, R.M., Marquez, C., Gaffney, J.S., Marley, N.A., Laskin, A., Shutthanandan, V., Xie, Y., Brune, W., Lesher, R., Shirley, T., Jimenez, J.L., (2006). Characterization of ambient aerosols in Mexico City during the MCMA-2003 campaign with Aerosol Mass Spectrometry: results from the CENICA Supersite, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 925-946.

 

13. Jiang, M., Marr, L.C., Dunlea, E.J., Herndon, S.C., Jayne, J.T., Kolb, C.E., Knighton, W.B., Rogers, T.M., Zavala, M., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., (2005). Vehicle fleet emissions of black carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other pollutants measured by a mobile laboratory in Mexico City, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 5, 3377-3387.

 

12. Herndon, S., Onasch, T., Frank, B., Marr, L., Jayne, J., Canagaratna, M., Lanni, T., Anderson, B., Worsnop, D., Miake-Lye, R., (2005). Particulate emissions from in-use commercial aircraft, Aerosol Science and Technology, 39, 799-809.

 

11. Harley, R.A., Marr, L.C., Lehner, J.K., Giddings, S.N., (2005). Changes in motor vehicle emissions on diurnal to decadal time scales and effects on atmospheric composition, Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 5356-5362.

 

10. Marr, L.C., Grogan, L.A., Wohrnschimmel, H., Molina, L.T., Molina, M.J., Smith, T.J., Garshick, E., (2004). Vehicle traffic as a source of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, Environmental Science & Technology, 38, 2584-2592.

 

9. Marr, L.C., Harley, R.A., (2002). Modeling the effect of weekday-weekend differences in motor vehicle emissions on photochemical air pollution in central California, Environmental Science and Technology, 36, 4099-4106.

 

8. Marr, L.C., Harley, R.A., (2002). Spectral analysis of ambient ozone, nitrogen oxide, and non-methane hydrocarbon time series in California, Atmospheric Environment, 36, 2327-2335.

 

7. Marr, L.C., Black, D.R., Harley, R.A., (2002). Formation of photochemical air pollution in central California. 1. Development of a revised motor vehicle emission inventory, Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, Art. no. 4047.

 

6. Marr, L.C., Noblet, G.S., Harley, R.A., (2002). Formation of photochemical air pollution in central California. 2. Evaluation of an Eulerian model, Journal of Geophysical Research, 107, Art. no. 4048.

 

5. Yi, C., Davis, K.J., Bakwin, P.S., Berger, B., Marr L.C., (2000). The influence of advection on measurements of the net ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CO2 from a very tall tower, Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 9991-9999.

 

4. Marr, L.C., Kirchstetter, T.W., Harley, R.A., Miguel, A.H., Hering, S.V., Hammond, S.K., (1999). Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in motor vehicle fuels and exhaust emissions, Environmental Science and Technology, 33, 3091-3099.

 

3. Wills, Z., Marr, L., Zinn, K., Goodman, C.S., Van Vactor, D., (1999). Profilin and the Abl tyrosine kinase are required for motor axon outgrowth in the Drosophila embryo, Neuron, 22, 291-299.

 

2. Marr, L.C., Morrison, G.C., Nazaroff, W.W., Harley, R.A., (1998). Reducing the risk of death due to vehicle-related accidental carbon monoxide poisoning, Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 48, 899-906.

 

1. Page, E., Siminovitch, M., Marr, L., Mitchell, J., (1998). Energy efficient alternatives to halogen torchieres, Journal of the Illumination Engineering Society, 27, 28-32.